Great post @jonsnow and a great idea. I am a former English online writing tutor and I know how hard it is to explain these concepts: you did a fabulous job. Articles are soooo hard to define and especially for speakers of languages that don't have them.
One comment: you talk about the "mute" "h" . Technically, we describe those letters as "silent". And a way you can help to describe words that start with the silent "h" is that when the word is spoken, the opening syllable (part of the word) sounds like a consonant.
Then, I want to pick up on @hlezama's comment: In modern English and informal English, sometimes "a" is used before "h", as is often the case with hotel. Historically, and you still find some people from Britain, who still talk about "an hotel".
Language is so interesting: country and regional dialects are so fascinating and I so admire people who learn another language to a level of competence that they can write in it - as you do!
Congratulations!
I look forward to your future posts and if you need a sounding board, drop me a note on Discord.
Fiona