This document is presented in two parts, the first presents the logic and methods for confirming the information necessary to correct important Wikipedia and United States National Institute of Health repositories. The incorrect entries are presented in the second half. Information which professionals around the globe must refer to in order to treat patients and spare lives.
Identified: The source of the misconceptions concerning cannabinol which are currently published as Wikipedia entries and at some other source repositories.
There is a rule that is taught to physics and chemistry students which states that all hydrocarbon molecules (containing hydrogen and carbon bonds) are non-polar and therefore not soluble in water which is polar.
Phyto-cannabinoids are hydrocarbon molecules and assumed to be water insoluble compounds. This is true for phyto-cannabinoid acids (CBDA, THCA, CBCA) and the products of their REDUCTION in molecular structure (CBD, THC, CBC). There is an evident and provable exception to the rule (hydrocarbons are non-polar), where OXIDIZED phyto-cannabinoids (CBE, CBN, CBL) become soluble in water which is polar. The phyto-cannabinoid biosynthesis pathway as described above properly respects the fundamentals of organic chemistry known as REDOX reactions (REDUCTION and OXIDATION).
Cannabinol which is the product of the reactants THC and O2 in a process called OXIDATION, will reproducibly exhibit the property of being soluble in water (hydrophilic, a chemical property of polar molecules).
Qualitative observations which have been confirmed repeatedly over the course of eight years (what is known and demonstrated among many video journals).
Oxidized phyto-cannabinoids are very soluble in water.
Oxidized phyto-cannabinoids are very difficult to dissolve in methanol (wood alcohol 99%). Observed as being insoluble in methanol contrary to Wikipedia.
Oxidized phyto-cannabinoids are observed as being red or darker, dependent of concentration.
Quantitative processes required to confirm and explain the qualitatively observed properties.
Have an NMR spectroscopy analysis performed to determine the compounds and their quantities contained in oxidized phyto-cannabinoid concentrate. The first university I called seemed to intuit for me that I was going elsewhere, the contact did not call back. When I contacted his colleague he was unsure about all but one thing, he could not help. So I gathered information and courage, then contacted the more prestigious of the two Ottawa universities. When I spoke with the person responsible for the U of O facilities, I had the most welcoming experience. It was as if the floodgates had opened. The person knew exactly which questions to ask and what I require, he even understood the subject matter. The individual also seemed to take a personal interest in the samples I was describing. The price of analysis per hour is expensive though worth the cost considering the state of the art facilities.
There exist many aspects of chemistry and physics which must be accounted for when performing the process necessary to mathematically determine the polarity of a complex molecule. The diagrams and equations would account for ten or more blackboards of calculation. The more logical option is to use software designed to calculate the polarity or non-polarity of the organic chemical compound.
I am making a "federal case" of confirming the chemical properties of cannabinol (CBN) so that others and myself may continue to develop solutions. While having access to the necessary equipment, it will also be possible to determine the chemical properties of at least two other important oxidized phyto-cannabinoids.
The degradation/oxidation products of CBD, THC, CBC are CBE, CBN, CBL respectively. While confirming the chemical properties of CBN such as solubility in water, it will also be possible to do the same for the phyto-cannabinoids CBE and CBL.
Taking a walk down the pathway which takes us through the many development and degradation processes which create phyto-cannabinoid molecules. This walk has led me through the well developed areas, now I am far beyond the solid foundations of the well defined.
Being alone where few others have laid solid foundation, I am having to renew the groundwork of others. Information which has been distorted by newcomers who do not take phyto-cannabinoid chemistry as seriously as the nuclear bomb which can eradicate many endogenous cannabinoid deficiency related biochemical dysfunctions. Such as cancers and other diseases which are considered terminal.
Proposal for Correction and Presentation of Publications Which are Currently Incorrect
Figure 1.
The underlined statement in figure 1 is being referred to by multiple authors who are not aware that cannabinol (CBN) cannot be the product of a REDUCTION. Cannabinol has been known to be the OXIDATION product of the reactants THC and O2 (oxygen) since this author can remember, over twenty years. Only in the last several years has this important Wikipedia entry reflected the new and incorrect information. Cannabinol is the first and oldest known phyto-cannabinoid to be isolated, documents concerning the "red oil" have existed since the late nineteenth century.
Figure 2.
The information pictured in figure 2 also belongs to the Wikipedia entry which is referenced by individuals around the globe. The information stating that cannabinol is soluble in methanol is incorrect. The organic compound cannabinol is more dense than methanol as well as being insoluble in the solvent. In the solution, cannabinol will invariably find it's way to the bottom.
Though I have been aware that oxidized phyto-cannabinoids are insoluble in methanol, to confirm this I performed the attempted dissolution one more time during the composition of this article using true methanol CH3-OH (99.99% wood alcohol). The result was exactly as I remembered.
Oxidized phyto-cannabinoids are still insoluble in methanol and they continue to be readily soluble in water.
Figure 3.
The table in figure 3 lists solvents by their polarity index from 0 (non-polar) to 10 (polar). The table states the polarity index of methanol is 5.1, being exactly in the middle of the spectrum designates the solvent as neither polar or non-polar. Though methanol does have a polarity across it's molecular structure, it cannot be considered to have the exact properties of a polar or non-polar solvent. This does not demonstrate the polarity of a molecule, only that it is soluble in methanol or not.
Figure 4.
The listing of references supposedly cited by the author/authors of the entry are redundant. Clicking each link only produced failed attempts to find reference which confirms the alleged organic REDUCTION which produces CBNA.
Figure 5.
The United States National Institute of Health contains incorrect information concerning the effect of cannabinol (CBN). The statement should declare that cannabinol is non-psychoactive because it is an antagonist of cannabinoid type two receptors (CB2) throughout the body and it's bone structure. The repository is providing information which contradicts many of it's correct entries concerning the effects of cannabinol.