Nature has been using her flesh and blood to support humanity. At the earliest, we got food from nature.
Things, clothing and residence. After that, we learned to extract raw materials from her biosphere to create
Our own new synthetic materials. Now, naturally, open her mind to us, let us
Clock-like precision logic—that is, mechanical logic—can only be used to build simple equipment.
Learn her inner logic.
Set. Really complex systems such as cells, grasslands, economies, or brains (whether natural or natural)
Or people's T) need an authentic non-technical logic. We now realize that in addition to life
Beyond the logic of matter, there is no logic that allows us to assemble a device that can be thought of.
It is not even possible to assemble a large system that can be operated.
Humans can extract natural logic from biology and use it to create something useful.
This discovery is amazing. Although many philosophers in the past felt that human beings can extract life
Rules and apply them to other fields, but until recently, when computers and artificial systems were complex
This idea is likely to be verified when the hybridity is comparable to the life. There is in life
How many things can be transformed is still a magical mystery. So far, those original
The characteristics of the living body but successfully transplanted into the mechanical system are: self-replication, self-management,
Limited white fixes, moderate evolution, and partial learning. We have reason to believe that there will be more traits that are artificially synthesized and transformed into new things.
While inputting natural logic into the machine, people also bring technical logic to life.
The source of bioengineering is the desire to fully control the organism in order to improve it.
Domesticated plants and animals are examples of applying technical logic to life. Wild carrots
The roots, through careful selection of herb collectors from generation to generation, finally become the sweet Hu in the vegetable garden.
Radish; the breasts of wild cattle are also selectively increased in an "unnatural" way to
The needs of human beings rather than calves. So, cows and carrots are the same as steam engines and gunpowder.
They are all human inventions. However, cows and carrots are more representative of what humans want to invent in the future.
Things - products that grow out rather than be made.
What the gene T process does is just like the cattle breeder is picking a better breeder. Just genetic workers
The engineers used a more precise and powerful control. When carrots and cows are nurtured
When they have to optimize on the basis of lengthy natural evolution, modern gene T-trainers
Oriented artificial evolution can be used to greatly accelerate species improvement through targeted design.
process.
The overlap between machinery and living bodies has increased over the years. This kind of bionic fusion
Now on the words. The meanings of the words "mechanical" and "life" are constantly expanding until some
One day, all the complicated things are seen as machines, and all self-sustaining machines
They are all considered to be alive. In addition to semantic changes, there are two specific trends that are happening:
(1) Artificial objects appear more and more like living things; (2) Life becomes more and more engineered. Covered
The layer of yarn between the organism and the artifact has been opened, showing the true colors of both. in fact
They are — and always are — essentially the same. We know that there are things in the biological field.
The concept of organisms and ecosystems, and the corresponding artifacts include robots, public
Division, economy, computer circuit, and so on. So, how do you name the souls that are shared by both?
Since each system has properties such as life, I collectively refer to these artificial or natural systems.
Living system
In the following chapters, I will take a tour of the frontier of bionics. I
Many of the living systems described are "artificial" - that is, the ingenuity of human beings. they
It really exists in our week, and it is by no means a general theory. These living systems are complex and ambitious systems: global telephone systems, computer virus incubators, robot prototypes, virtual practice
Real world, synthetic dynamic characters, various artificial ecosystems, and simulations of the entire planet
The wildness of Bairan is the main source of information for us to deeply understand the living system, and perhaps it will come
Learn more about the most important source of living systems. The new experiment I want to cover includes the assembly ecosystem.
Machine model.
System, rehabilitation biology, copying coral reefs, exploring the socialities of insects (bees and ants), B
Create a complex seal like the Arizona Ecosphere 2 described in my opening remarks
The living systems studied in this book are profound and complex, involving a wide range and very different. From
system.
In this special large system, I extracted a set of uniform principles for all large living systems.
Call it "the law of the gods." This set of laws is the basis for all self-sustaining and self-improving systems.
In the process of creating complex machinery, human beings return to nature again and again to seek guidance.
This principle.
Therefore, nature is more than just a well-stocked biological gene pool.
The world's drugs to treat future diseases. Nature is still a "cultural gene pool"1, is an idea
factory. In every anthill in the jungle, the vivid blue of the post-industrial era is hidden.
Figure. Those flying birds, those exotic flowers, and those who drew energy from these lives.
The original human culture is worthy of our care for nothing else, for those who
Postmodern metaphor. For the new biological civilization, destroying a grassland and destroying not only
Is a biological gene pool, but also ruined a variety of revelations, insights and new biological civilizations
Type of treasure.